Impact of Active Diesel Particulate Filter Regeneration on Carbon Dioxide, Nitrogen Oxides and Particle Number Emissions from Euro 5 and 6 Vehicles under Laboratory Testing and Real-World Driving

Particulate mass concentration is a crucial parameter for characterising air quality. The diesel particulate filter (DPF) the primary technology used to limit vehicle particle emissions, but it needs periodic cleaning, process called regeneration. This study aims assess impact of active DPF regeneration on performance and emissions Euro 5 6 vehicles. examined both carbon dioxide (CO2) pollutant (nitrogen oxides (NOx) number (PN)) eight vehicles tested in laboratory road. Apart from DPF, wide range emission control systems was covered this experimental campaign, including exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), oxidation catalyst (DOC), lean NOx trap (LNT) selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, revealing different impacts emissions. frequency duration were also determined calculate Ki factor, which accounts with without regeneration, weighted over distance driven between two consecutive events. Based these outcomes, representative factors (EF) proposed phase only complete interval. In addition, effect efficiency estimated compared other energy consumers. results indicated significant CO2, PN higher case driving cycle testing laboratory. relevant mechanisms behind elevated levels analysed, focusing period test following immediately after. calculation factor comparison official values revealed some weaknesses its application real-world conditions; overcome these, new EF calculated, depending system. It that equipped SCR could comply applicable limits when considering Finally, similar conditioning (A/C) system headlights on.